Known places: Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy, desktop wallpaper nr. 37143

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Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy

Tags: italy (132 pics)

Bergamo pronunciation (Bèrghem in Eastern Lombard and Bergum in Western Lombard , antiquated:Wälsch-Bergen in German) is a town in Lombardy, Italy, about 40 km northeast of Milan. The comune is home to approximately 117,000 inhabitants. It is served by the Orio al Serio Airport, which also serves the Province of Bergamo, and to a lesser extent the metropolitan area of Milan. The foothills of the Alps begin immediately north of the town.

Early years

Bergamo occupies the site of the ancient town of Bergomum, founded as a settlement of the Celtic tribe of Cenomani. In 49 BC it became a Roman municipality, containing circa 10,000 inhabitants at its peak. An important hub on the military road between Friuli and Raetia, it was destroyed by Attila in the 5th century.

Middle Ages

From the 6th century Bergamo was the seat of one of the most important Lombard duchies of northern Italy, together with Brescia, Trento and Cividale del Friuli: its first Lombard duke was Wallaris. After the conquest of the Lombard Kingdom by Charlemagne, it became the seat of a county under one Auteramus (died 816).

From the 11th century onwards Bergamo was an independent commune, taking part in the Lombard League which defeated Frederick I Barbarossa in 1165 (855 years ago). Caught in the bitter fights between Guelphs and Ghibellines, led in the city by the Colleoni and the Suardi respectively, from 1264 (756 years ago) Bergamo was intermittently under the rule of Milan. In 1331 (689 years ago) it gave itself to John of Bohemia, but later the Visconti of Milan reconquered it.

Rinascimento and modern Era

After a short conquest by the Malatesta in 1407 (613 years ago), in 1428 (592 years ago) it fell under the control of the Venetian Republic, remaining part of it until 1797 (223 years ago). Notably, the Venetians fortified the higher portion of the town (see Main sights section).

XIX and XX century

In 1815 (205 years ago), it was assigned to Austria. Giuseppe Garibaldi freed it in 1859 (161 years ago), and thenceforth Bergamo was part of the Kingdom of Italy.